What bandwidth does each host have to the server in a network with 10 users and a server all operating at 10Mbps half-duplex?

In a network where each user has a direct connection to a server operating at 10 Mbps half-duplex, the bandwidth available to each host from the server is determined by the capacity of that half-duplex link. Half-duplex means that data can flow in both directions, but not simultaneously—either the user can send data to the server or receive data from it at a given time.

The total capacity of the link is still 10 Mbps, and since the connection to the server does not require sharing bandwidth as might be the case with a switch or router infrastructure, each host can theoretically access the full 10 Mbps when communicating with the server. Therefore, regardless of the number of users connected, if they are all accessing the server individually, each user's connection offers a maximum bandwidth of 10 Mbps to the server.

This means that even with 10 users connected, each user still has access to the full 10 Mbps, assuming they're not transmitting data simultaneously. Thus, the correct understanding of half-duplex operation indicates that each host indeed has a bandwidth of 10 Mbps to the server during their data transmission time.